NASA Scientist Quoted In USA Today Talks About Chemtrails3-7-1
FALSE STATEMENT ISSUED
From Clifford E Carnicom
carnicom.com/minnis1.htm3-8-01
A statement by a Mr. Patrick Minnis follows at the end of this page.
Let it be known for the record that:
Any statements, implications, or insinuations made by any individuals, including a Mr. Patrick Minnis, that I have received monetary compensation for personal gain for participation in any video documentary projects are PATENTLY FALSE and are herein refuted. Monetary compensation for personal gain is excluded as a factor in any research that I have conducted, am conducting, or will continue to conduct on the aerosol operations that are occurring without informed consent."
Those that wish to research this issue may wish to contact the publisher of any video or informational sources that are referred to. In addition, let it be known that I specifically did request that a written statement of non-compensation be included within the recent documentary that is most likely being referred to. I have not produced any videos to date, but I have contributed information to various sources for the public welfare.
Clifford E Carnicom Mar 08 2001
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The following is an excerpt from a recent relayed posting on the Jeff Rense internet site (rense.com). The link to this page is entitled "Nasa Scientist Quoted in USA Today Talks About Chemtrails".
"Date 2-28-01
From: Patrick Minnis <p.minnis@larc.nasa.gov
Subject: Jet aerosol spraying
CC:
g.g.gibson@larc.nasa.gov Dear xxx,
Your email, copied below, was forwarded to me because I conduct research on contrails. I am sorry to see that you have been misinformed about the nature of contrails. Unfortunately, there is an ample supply of people who are ready to spread rumors and propaganda to upset people simply to draw attention to themselves or to make a buck (e.g., Carnicom video). Because the origin of the secret plots promoted by these people is the government, it is automatically impossible for anyone from the government to refute the accusations."
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Note - The following two inquiries and responses were sent in from a concerned citizen who wishes to remain anonymous. The responding scientist, Dr. Patrick Minnis, is quoted in the USA Today story about Chemtrails also posted in Headlines.
3-7-1
First letter to NASA and response from Dr. Patrick Minnis who works at NASA Langley Research Center.
(Note - the letter was originally sent to 'Mr. Gibson' and was forwarded to Dr. Minnis whose response follows below...)
From xxxx 2-28-01
Dear Mr. Gibson,
I am wondering how the American people can get any truthful information about the obviously classified aerial operations going on above our heads.
I have been observing this distressing phenomonon for 3/4 of a year now. It is pretty straight forward that the emissions from these mostly military aircraft are not just ice crystals and the planes that are emitting these substances are not flying regular aircraft routes. At this moment there are jets outside my house systematically working at hazing over the whole sky. This seems to happen alot before a front passes through. Whether this has to do with weather modification, biological neutalization, HAARP, solar shielding or other more sinister plots, oh yes, lets not forget some sort of missile defense, is what we are trying to find out. When the outdoor reflective conditions are just right, heavy fallout of different types can be observed, including highly charged metallic looking particles. Asthma and other illness are on the sharp increase.
I feel the American people deserve answers. I realize certain information must remain classified for national security and hopefully it's national security we are talking about. I guess I really don't expect the whole answer but am hoping for at least some sort of hint or guidance that could direct our laymen's research. There has to be better ways to approach whatever this aerial operation is supposed to remedy. I sincerely hope I will hear back from you and would look forward to any input you could offer.
Respectfully, John Smith _____
Date 2-28-01 From: Patrick Minnis <p.minnis@larc.nasa.gov Subject: Jet aerosol spraying CC:
g.g.gibson@larc.nasa.gov Dear xxx,
Your email, copied below, was forwarded to me because I conduct research on contrails. I am sorry to see that you have been misinformed about the nature of contrails. Unfortunately, there is an ample supply of people who are ready to spread rumors and propaganda to upset people simply to draw attention to themselves or to make a buck (e.g., Carnicom video). Because the origin of the secret plots promoted by these people is the government, it is automatically impossible for anyone from the government to refute the accusations.
If I refute the notion that the government is spraying people, then I will be accused of lying and covering up. If I agreed to the idea of spraying, then I would be saying what you want to hear, but I really would be lying and would have to make up something. It would sure be exciting if there was something sinister about contrails. But, it really is just not very exciting, just a meteorological phenomenon. Then again, I find the study of these human-clouds very interesting.
Truth is, contrails form from the exhaust of high-altitude aircraft, commercial and military, whenever they fly into air that has the proper humidity and temperatures. The mixing of the hot moist exhaust with the cold air cases the formation of ice crystals that will either grow or sublime (evaporate). Sometimes, they will make short, short-lived contrails. Sometimes they will make long, long-lived contrails that spread out and cover the sky. It all depends on the meteorological conditions at the flight altitude. The reason you see the heavy duty contrails most often prior to a frontal passage is that the air ahead of a cold front is rising and is moist. Rising cools the air and increases the relative humidity. The higher the relative humidity, the more likely you will see spreading contrails. Often these spreading contrails ahead of a front are followed by cirrus clouds generated naturally without the extra oomph provided by aircraft exhaust.
Ait traffic is increasing, so contrails are increasing. Because contrails are increasing, cirrus cloud cover is increasing. Thus, it could be said that air traffic is modifying the weather. However, the modification is not planned, nor is it desired. It is an artifact of the technology, just like air pollution in the city occurs because of the autombile exhaust.
For more information, I would recommend that you check out my web site, www-pm.larc.nasa.gov, click on SASS.
If you need any copies of the article listed in the references, let me know.
Sincerely, Patrick Minnis
Dr. Patrick Minnis MS 420 NASA Langley Research Center Hampton, VA 23681-0001
757-864-5671 fax: 757-864-7996
p.minnis@larc.nasa.gov www-pm.larc.nasa.gov/pages/minnis_home.html ***************
Second letter to and response from Dr. Minnis
From xxxx 3-2-01
Dear Dr. Minnis,
I want to thank you for taking the time to answer my e-mail. Some of what you said makes sense to me however there are still many questions. Obviously you have a much more extensive knowledge of atmospheric conditions than I do.
Either the components of our atmosphere have changed drastically in the past couple of years or the fuel mixture of some jets has been altered. Granted, air traffic has increased and this can account for the large number of trails. However my observations are more centered on the characteristics of the contrails and the manner in which they are laid down. Many of these "contrails" have a very specifically different texture, quality and brightness than the old fashioned contrails. I have taken some truely bizarre photos which will be presented at a scientific conference in Toronto in March.
Can you tell me anything about titanium dioxide?
I have come across a patent for Powder Contrail Generation that appears to have been issued to the Secretary of The Navy back in 1974. This patent describes the apparatus used to disperse light scattering pigment powder particles in a manner that would prevent them from clumping together. Here are a few excerpts Pat. no. us3899144
CLAIM:
1. Contrail generation having maximum radiation scattering ability for a given weight material.
9. The method of producing a light scattering contrail comprising.
a. surface treating light scattering powder particles to minimize interparticle cohesive forces.
b. deagglomerating said powder particles in two stages prior to dispensing into a jet tube by subjecting said powder particles to a hammering action in the first stage to aerate and precondition the powder, and by passing said powder through a jet mill in the second stage to further deagglomerate the powder.
c. dispensing the deagglomerated powder from the jet mill directly into a jet tube for exhausting said powder into the atmosphere thus forming a contrail.
The present invention is also suitable for use in other aircraft vehicles to generate contrails for any desired purpose.
Titanium dioxide pigment was selected as the primary light scattering material because of it's highly efficient light scattering ability and commercially available pigment grades.
Other type powder compositions can also be used with the apparatus described herein. For example, various powder particles which reflect electromagnetic radiation can be dispensed as a chaff or the like from the contrail generator.
Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in the light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than specifically described."
If this technology was available in1974, I can only imagine what is now available.
There are also patents for scattering aluminum particles into the atmosphere for the purpose of solar shielding. If contrails are an increasing cause of global warming, as you say, then it would make sense that to counteract this they could be spraying aluminum particles or other reflective elements to direct the radiation back out of the environment. I believe the goal at one point was to reduce this problem by at least 1%.
Do you think the reflective and at times highly charged particles I am seeing in the atmosphere can be attributed to the above or could what I'm seeing be connected with metallic particles produced from jet fuel combustion?
I spoke to Lisa Chang (jet exhaust researcher) whom you may know, and she suggested that somehow we collect samples of the fallout we're seeing. She said that in order for them to investigate, the samples would have to be collected first. I would think that this would be their job. If she has any clue as to what I'm seeing, she would know that we would have to have access to very expensive high tech equipment. To begin with some of the particles we are talking about are submicron in size and also this particulate matter can only be observed under highly specific reflective conditions. Once the fallout passes through this zone, it is invisible to the naked eye.
I have spoken to several commercial airline and recreational pilots. A couple of them assured me that what they were observing was not normal aircraft activity.
I have also spoken with a retired military official and showed him some info about TARFOX. His reply was "I see the good ole boys are still at it." and he proceeded to tell me all about aircraft shielding.
So, I am sure there are still some normal contrails left somewhere but it cannot be said that all the ones we are seeing are just composed of ice crystals. If anything there has to be experimentation going on and it would be ludicrous to deny an absolute absence of that. Even on the news the other night they were beginning to admit work with weather modification. That aspect is almost a given fact.
I don't know how much information you are privy to but it would seem impossible for you to be aware of every classified operation. I am not trying to be antagonistic but I feel and I want to convey to you that people have very legitimate reasons for being suspicious. We are seeing very different patterns of jet activity than a few years back and as I mentioned before, the texture, quality, brightness and dispersion of the trails are also very different from what has been observed in the past.
Many of us do remember, we don't all have Alzheimer's yet, despite the fact that aluminum, in quite a few rainwater samples has been found to be 7 times the accepted limit.
I want to thank you again for responding and I appreciate the opportunity to talk this over with you. I'm impressed that time is taken to explain things to the common person. If you have any more thoughts on the subject I would enjoy hearing from you.
Sincerely, xxxx _____
Date: Fri, 2 Mar 2001 To: xxxx From: Patrick Minnis <p.minnis@larc.nasa.gov Subject: Jet Aerosol Spraying
Dear xxxx,
Thanks for your courteous and rational letter. I have had plenty that were not.
I understand your concerns about the increase in contrails and why you may be skeptical that they are not "regular" contrails.
I will be the first to admit that I do not know everything about every government program, especially those conducted by the Air Force. I am well aware, however, of the cost, manpower, and complexity involved in conducting even a small-scale experiment in the upper troposphere where jet aircraft usually cruise.
I am also aware that the Air Force is extremely interested in protecting their aircraft and have long sought methods for shielding them from detection or tracking by missile systems designed to knock them out of the skies. Most of those efforts have been to produce short-term, immediate protection like chaff.
Obviously, development requires testing of various materials and there are probably numerous other materials that have been examined for such purposes. I believe aluminum foil flakes have been established as one of the primary chaff types. Titanium dioxide has long been used as the pigment of choice for making white paint because of its light scattering properties as noted below. However, because of the weight constraints on airplanes and the type of dispersal patterns, I would suspect that foil flakes would be preferable. However, I don't know if TiO2 or any other chemical types are used for chaff. But remmeber, chaff is designed for protection from an immediate threat. It would not make any sense to be spraying it for anything other than a short burst during training exercises or real combat. Therefore, I would have to rule out the chaff aspect.
I would also rule out the climate modifcation aspect. The effort would be too expensive, require too much manpower and equipment and probably would not work. Large, climate-changing programs have been hypothesized and written about for years, but inevitably they are pie in the sky. Maybe pies in the sky would change climate. Man's efforts to affect the weather are typically unplanned, like air pollution, city heat islands, contrails, etc. Weather modification is something that people have been trying for years with mixed success. It will continue to go on. But at the scale that would be associated with climate change? I doubt very seriously.
By the way, TARFOX was an experiment designed to study atmospheric aerosols. It was conducted off the east coast durign the summer so that they woul dbe sure to get lots of nasty aerosols coming off the continent. The "good ole boys" were just a bunch of NOAA, NASA, University, and foreign scientists interested in various aspects of measuring aerosols and their effects.
The reasons that you are seeing more contrails and more bizarre-looking contrails now than before are many. Primarily, I believe that awareness of contrails is the biggest factor. Honestly, how closely did you or anyone else look at the skies before being made aware of "chemtrails"? I have been studying clouds for 25 years and did not really become aware of the vast variety of contrail shapes, spreadings, colors, etc. until I heard there was going to be a NASA-sponsored study of them bac in 1993. Then, I started looking in the skies with an eye for contrails, and lo and behold, there is a lot of wierd-looking stuff going on. But that wierd stuff is simply nature taking its course after the aircraft exhaust mixes with the ambient air.
The process of contrail formation is lot like a snowflake. The course of a contrail's existence is uniquely determined by humidity, temperature, winds, and nucleation (in the case of contrails: aircraft type, engine type, fuel, acceleration, and state of the engine). Thus, an incredible array contrails can and does form. There is really no such thing as an old-fashioned contrail. They have been doing this stuff all along but were not noticed. Another factor is the increase in air traffic. Have a look at the flight frequencies plotted on my web page. There are a lot of planes out there.
Another factor causing more contrails is an increase in jet engine efficiency. More of the engine energy is being converted to thrust, so there is less heat in the exhaust making contrail formation easier (a cooler mix, sam e amount of water vapor). Thus, contrails are forming more frequently even without an increase in planes.
I went on a bit long here and need to return to my work. I spend far too much time answering emails like these and not documenting my results in papers. But keeping the public informed is part of what the taxpayers expect for their money and I don't mind doing it.
I hope I have answered some of your concerns.
Sincerely, PM
***************
Third letter to and response from Dr. Minnis
From xxxx 3-2-01
Dear Dr. Minnis,
You are right, aircraft shielding would be a short term manuever and wouldn't account for what we are seeing. I guess i mentioned that aspect because of the following. I had spoken to a Major Bigelow (Air National Guard) who had informed me that he had been an airforce pilot and assured me that" the airforce doesn't spray ( then he hesitated and said they don't spray anything", which I know is an untruth because the airforce does spray different substances for varied purposes.
I'm going to give you more credit than I think you give to yourself. As you have mentioned you have been studying clouds 25 years prior to the 1993 NASA study. I would place a bet on it that if the "unusual" contrails had been around before that , you would have noticed them. The obvious contrails we are talking about are not hiding in some other dimension until you are alerted to observe them. It seems to me that, again, if you have been observing the sky so closely , with a scientific eye, for 25 years prior to this NASA study and only noticed the bizarre trails when they basically told you to look for them, then to me this raises a bright red flag.
It does seem that climate engineering would be a very expensive operation but according to The National Center for Policy Analysis " deliberately introducing fine particles into the atmosphere in order to scatter sunlight and heat back into space, it would cost as much as 1 billion a year or just 100 million if technology advanced options were employed that would be between 0.1% and 1% of the 100 billion a year it is estimated would be required to price ration fossil fuel usage down to the 1990 levels in the United States alone.
The Global Change Research Coordination Office has been promoting geoengineering for 3 decades. Teller and his colleagues presented their proposal for geoengineering at the 22ond International Seminar on Planetary Emergencies in Aug. 1997". It was around this time or shortly after that the public began noticing the contrail phenomonon on such a massive scale.
The Global Climate Change Digest- Aug. 1996 - "The Economic Diplomacy of Geoengineering" - "Geoengineering projects can probably be accomplished by exo-national programs, not depending on the behavior of populations, not requiring national regulations or incentives and not depending on universal participation. It will involve merely deciding what to do, how much to do and who is to pay for it."
This past fall I went on a trip to Costa Rica. I thought it was very interesting that despite all the air traffic, there was not 1 contrail to be seen the whole 10 days I was there. The clouds seemed normal size, texture and shape and it turned out to be truely a vacation in more ways than one. :=) Only certain countries seem to be reporting the unusual contrails. I would be interested in hearing your observations in relation to this aspect.
One of the points you brought up made sense to me and was very interesting. It gives me something to think about and that was the fact that the efficiency of the jet engine has increased and as a result there is less heat in the exhaust which makes it easier for contrails to form. My husband tests jet engines and may know something about this.
I'm really not writing you for sparring purposes but I really feel that sharing ideas and other perspectives gives any of us a broader outlook on certain situations. Even though I am not a scientist, I have had certain experiences and am working with certain institutions which help give me insight and enable me to see how some of the puzzle pieces fit together. I am not claiming to have answers but in order to get answers we all have to challenge our preconcieved ideas of reality. I think one of society's problems is that everyone is too specialized and as a result we really only see a small piece of the puzzle. This is very evident in the medical community and through personal situations I have experienced the problems and politics in this area. This in turn has led me to observe similar deception in other areas.
Over the past year an anonymous team of organized professionals from scientific, military and security backgrounds, have been researching these aircraft emissions and their possible applications. From the information they've gathered, some of the emissions appear to be composed of a base barium salt mixture. Several types of experimental polymer fibers have been repeatedly found subsequent to observed aerosol discharge. DARPA documents describe research into electroactive polmer fibers. This may have something to do with the electrically charged particles I am seeing. It is thought that the combination of these airborne particles is contributing to the very sharp increase rate of asthma and other respiratory illnesses.
Through the study of military and scientific documents this investigative team has come up with several apparent applications of the barium salts and polymer fibers. These applications include (a). aircraft cloaking when irradiated. (b) Advanced radar applications (c) Biological applications - delivery, decontamination and detection. (d) communications applications (e) Military weather modification (f) other applications including VTRPE propagation.
There seems to be military projects and experiments going on at every level of the atmosphere and therefore it is very difficult to separate out what is causing what. This amy also explain why 1 explanation doesn't seem to fit what we are seeing.
In closing, I just want to say that there is a deliberate and systematic manner in which the mostly military jets haze over the sky. When apparently finished whiting out the sky in a specific area with trails that are formed basically at the same time ( this can be determined by the width of each trail) they move on to the next patch of blue sky. After the whole sky is complete( which sometimes only takes a short while), blue patches will appear during the day.
More jets will reinforce these areas. Complete cloud or haze cover is often the obvious goal. There are usually no military air shows going on so there would be no reason for the vast amount of military jet activity in each concentrated area.
I appreciate your comment that my last letter was rational. I have had chronic neurologic Lyme Disease for the past 10 years which has affected my cognitive and organizational abilities. I have to work very hard at writing so that I am understood.
You seem like a very reasonable person and I hope you will continue to keep an open mind. The information I've presented is not proof of anything but I feel there is enough evidence out there that should cause us all to take a deeper look into this issue. We also need more accountability from some of these unelected Global Think Tanks and the UN which may be the main forces behind these operations. I visited your website briefly but want to go back when I have more time to look it over well. I am very grateful for you correspondence.
Thank you again, xxxxx _____
Date: Tue, 6 Mar 2001 From: Patrick Minnis <p.minnis@larc.nasa.gov Subject: Jet aerosol spraying
Dear xxxx,
Thanks for your thoughtful and interesting email.
I do try to keep an open mind, but then again, I have a lot of trouble with the notion of the observed trails being the result of spraying for climate purposes or for imbuing the populace with some sort of toxin/vaccine/microchip/etc.
Because of my experience with meteorology, I am continuously baffled by the complexity of our atmosphere and of man's attempts to conciously alter it successfully for a particular goal. As I think I mentioned in the last email, the theories such as those you mention below (Teller) are still pie in the sky.
The best way to get a scattering effect that wil do anything is to load up the stratosphere with submicron sized particles. To accomplish anything noticeable in terms of a climate effect you would have to loft material equivalent in weight/particle number to that injected by a volcano of the magnitude of El Chichon or greater, more like Pinatubo in size.
That would mean the planes would have to deposit 20,000,000 tons of material in the stratosphere every 2 or 3 years. To keep it up there, it would be best to place it in the Tropics meaning they would have to reach altitudes of 55,000 to 60,000 ft. To match the Pinatubo output, this means for the miltary's C-141B Starlifter with a capacity of 34.3 tons, it would require only 20,000,000 / 34.3 = 582,030 flights in the course of say, 3 years or roughly 195,000 flights each year or 531/day just to go up and spray a bunch of junk into the stratosphere. How much fuel do you think that would require?
If the military had 747s, then the number would drop by a third. But here is the problem. The volcanos put the material at altitudes above 60,000 ft. There are very few planes that can reach those altitudes and cargo planes are not included in that bunch. Most of them fly below 45,000 ft.
They could only reach the stratosphere in polar regions and over the US during the winter.
As far as the apparent start of contrail spreading during 1993 and the public awareness after 1997. AS evidenced by the large numbre of people who upon being told to look at the sky and notice contrails finally notice them, I have put myself in that same category. I have not been researching the details of the clouds but rather have been using relatively low-resolution geostationary satellite data that make it difficult to track contrails. And believe me, if you don't have some otion of what you are looking for in satellite imagery, you won't see it.
Watching the History Channel last night reminded me once again how long the "megasprayer" has been around. Even the bombers during WW-II produced massive spreading contrails. No, spreading contrails have been around a long time.
I believe the heightened public awareness was set off by the SUCCESS experiemnt which was conducted during 1996. It received a lot of press coverage, especially my study of spreading contrails that demonstrated for the first time just how easily contrails spread into cirrus clouds. It was covered by a variety of environmentalist type magazines, NPR, NBC, CNN, USA Today, and a number of other newspapers. That type of coverage will get the attention of a few people who will try to verify for themselves what is going on. We were able to track contrails then because the new geostationary satellites have much higher resolution than earlier ones. Then we were able to develp a predictive model for determining when they will spread and when they won't. We are currently tesing it. Teller had nothing to do with public awareness of contrails.
Why do you not see contrails in Costa Rica? First, air traffic over Costa Ria is relatively light. Second, and more important, the conditions for contrail formation are generally too high for most commercial air traffic (the old tropics vs polar effect). Temperatures at flight altitudes in the US are usaully low enough during the fall, winter, and spring but much less frequently dutring the summer. That is why we have a dramatic decrease in contrails during the summer. In the tropics the temperatures at flight altitudes are like our summer (southern US anyway), so we do not see too many contrails in places like Costa Rica.
I agree that we are all very specialized and cannot see the big picture. I am not convinced that anyone really has a good sense of the big picture. Perhaps, the Air Force is conducting some tests likeyou have suggested. evenso, they don't have the bucks to do anything on a massive scale unless it is to fight a war.
Thanks for the thoughts. Pat M
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